Spring MVC Tiles 示例

2025年3月17日 | 阅读 3 分钟

Spring 提供了与 apache tiles 框架的集成支持。因此，我们可以借助 spring tiles 支持来简单地管理 Spring MVC 应用程序的布局。

Spring MVC 中 Tiles 支持的优势

可重用性：我们可以在多个页面中重用单个组件，例如页眉和页脚组件。

集中控制：我们可以仅通过单个模板页面来控制页面的布局。

易于更改布局：借助单个模板页面，我们可以随时更改页面的布局。因此，您的网站可以轻松采用新技术，例如 bootstrap、jQuery 等。

目录结构

让我们看看 eclipse 中 spring tiles 示例的文件。

Spring MVC Tiles 示例

1. 将依赖项添加到 pom.xml 文件。

pom.xml

 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
  <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>  
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>  
    <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>  
    <version>3.0-alpha-1</version>  
</dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-jasper -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-jasper</artifactId>
    <version>9.0.12</version>
</dependency>
 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tiles/tiles-jsp -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
    <artifactId>tiles-jsp</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.5</version>
</dependency>
    
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tiles/tiles-servlet -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
    <artifactId>tiles-servlet</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.5</version>
</dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tiles/tiles-core -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
    <artifactId>tiles-core</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.5</version>
</dependency>
   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tiles/tiles-el -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
    <artifactId>tiles-el</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.5</version>
</dependency>

2. 创建 bean 类

Contact.java

package com.javatpoint.form;
public class Contact {
	private String firstname;
	private String lastname;
	private String email;
	private String telephone;
	
	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}
	public String getTelephone() {
		return telephone;
	}
	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}
	public void setTelephone(String telephone) {
		this.telephone = telephone;
	}
	public String getFirstname() {
		return firstname;
	}
	public String getLastname() {
		return lastname;
	}
	public void setFirstname(String firstname) {
		this.firstname = firstname;
	}
	public void setLastname(String lastname) {
		this.lastname = lastname;
	}
	
}

3. 创建控制器类

HelloWorldController.java

package com.javatpoint.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HelloWorldController {
	@RequestMapping("/hello")
	public String helloWorld(Model m) {
		String message = "Hello World, Spring MVC @ Javatpoint";
		m.addAttribute("message", message);
		return "hello"; 
	}
}

ContactController.java

package com.javatpoint.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.SessionAttributes;
import com.javatpoint.form.Contact;
@Controller
@SessionAttributes
public class ContactController {
	@RequestMapping(value = "/addContact", method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public String addContact(@ModelAttribute("contact")	Contact contact, BindingResult result) {
		//write the code here to add contact
		return "redirect:contact.html";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/contact")
	public String showContacts(Model m) {
		m.addAttribute("command", new Contact());
		return "contact";
	}
}

4. 在 web.xml 文件中提供控制器的条目

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>SpringTiles</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>
			org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
		</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5. 在 xml 文件中定义 bean

spring-servlet.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.javatpoint.controller" />
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesViewResolver"/>
<bean id="tilesConfigurer" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer">
<property name="definitions">
<list>
<value>/WEB-INF/tiles.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>

6. 提供 tiles.xml 文件

tiles.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE tiles-definitions PUBLIC
       "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Tiles Configuration 2.0//EN"
       "http://tiles.apache.org/dtds/tiles-config_2_0.dtd">
<tiles-definitions>
	<definition name="base.definition"
		template="/WEB-INF/jsp/layout.jsp">
		<put-attribute name="title" value="" />
		<put-attribute name="header" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/header.jsp" />
		<put-attribute name="menu" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/menu.jsp" />
		<put-attribute name="body" value="" />
		<put-attribute name="footer" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/footer.jsp" />
	</definition>
	<definition name="contact" extends="base.definition">
		<put-attribute name="title" value="Contact Manager" />
		<put-attribute name="body" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/contact.jsp" />
	</definition>

	<definition name="hello" extends="base.definition">
		<put-attribute name="title" value="Hello Spring MVC" />
		<put-attribute name="body" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp" />
	</definition>

</tiles-definitions>

7. 创建请求的页面

index.jsp

<a href="hello.html">Hello Spring</a> | 
<a href="contact.html">Contact</a>

8. 创建其他视图组件

hello.jsp

<html>  
<head>  
    <title>Spring MVC Example</title>  
</head>  
<body>  
<h1>Welcome to Spring MVC</h1>  
    <p>Message is: ${message}</p>  
</body>  
</html>  

contact.jsp

<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>  
<html>  
<head>  
    <title>Spring Tiles Contact Form</title>  
</head>  
<body>  
<h2>Contact Manager</h2>  
<form:form method="post" action="addContact.html">  
  
    <table>  
    <tr>  
        <td><form:label path="firstname">First Name</form:label></td>  
        <td><form:input path="firstname" /></td>   
    </tr>  
    <tr>  
        <td><form:label path="lastname">Last Name</form:label></td>  
        <td><form:input path="lastname" /></td>  
    </tr>  
    <tr>  
        <td><form:label path="lastname">Email</form:label></td>  
        <td><form:input path="email" /></td>  
    </tr>  
    <tr>  
        <td><form:label path="lastname">Telephone</form:label></td>  
        <td><form:input path="telephone" /></td>  
    </tr>  
    <tr>  
        <td colspan="2">  
            <input type="submit" value="Add Contact"/>  
        </td>  
    </tr>  
</table>    
      
</form:form>  
</body>  
</html>

header.jsp

<h2>Header</h2>  
<hr/>  

footer.jsp

<hr/>  
<p>Copyright  2010-2014 javatpoint.com.</p>  

menu.jsp

<p>Menu 1</p>  
<p>Menu 2</p>  

layout.jsp

<%@ taglib uri="http://tiles.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles"%>  
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"  
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  
<html>  
<head>  
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  
<title><tiles:insertAttribute name="title" ignore="true" /></title>  
</head>  
<body>  
        <div><tiles:insertAttribute name="header" /></div>  
        <div style="float:left;padding:10px;width:15%;"><tiles:insertAttribute name="menu" /></div>  
        <div style="float:left;padding:10px;width:80%;border-left:1px solid pink;">  
        <tiles:insertAttribute name="body" /></div>  
        <div style="clear:both"><tiles:insertAttribute name="footer" /></div>  
  
</body>  
</html>  

输出