计算矩阵每行每列之和的程序

17 Mar 2025 | 5 分钟阅读

说明

在此程序中，我们需要计算给定矩阵的每行每列元素的总和。

Program to find the sum of each row and each column of a matrix

上图显示了矩阵的每行每列元素的总和。

算法

声明并初始化一个二维数组 a。
计算数组a中的行数和列数，并分别存储在变量rows和cols中。
维护两个变量sumRow和sumCol，分别用于存储特定行中元素的总和以及特定列中元素的总和。
计算每行元素的总和
1. 使用两个循环遍历数组，外层循环选择一行，内层循环表示矩阵a中的列。
2. 通过将一行中的元素相加来计算总和。
3. 显示sumRow。
4. 对每一行重复此操作。
计算每列元素的总和
1. 使用两个循环遍历数组，外层循环选择一列，内层循环表示矩阵a中的行。
2. 通过将一列中的元素相加来计算总和。
3. 显示sumCol。
4. 对每一列重复此操作。

解决方案

Python

#Initialize matrix a
a = [  
        [1, 2, 3],
        [4, 5, 6],
        [7, 8, 9]
    ];
 
#Calculates number of rows and columns present in given matrix
rows = len(a);
cols = len(a[0]);
 
#Calculates sum of each row of given matrix
for i in range(0, rows):
    sumRow = 0;
    for j in range(0, cols):
        sumRow = sumRow + a[i][j];
    print("Sum of " + str(i+1) +" row: " + str(sumRow));
 
#Calculates sum of each column of given matrix
for i in range(0, rows):
    sumCol = 0;
    for j in range(0, cols):
        sumCol = sumCol + a[j][i];
    print("Sum of " + str(i+1) +" column: " + str(sumCol));

输出

Sum of 1 row: 6
Sum of 2 row: 15
Sum of 3 row: 24
Sum of 1 column: 12
Sum of 2 column: 15
Sum of 3 column: 18

C

#include <stdio.h>
 
int main()
{
    int rows, cols, sumRow, sumCol;

    
    //Initialize matrix a
    int a[][3] = {   
                    {1, 2, 3},
                    {4, 5, 6},
                    {7, 8, 9}
                };
    
    //Calculates number of rows and columns present in given matrix
    rows = (sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]));
    cols = (sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0][0]))/rows;
    
    //Calculates sum of each row of given matrix
    for(int i = 0; i < rows; i++){
        sumRow = 0;
        for(int j = 0; j < cols; j++){
          sumRow = sumRow + a[i][j];
        }
        printf("Sum of %d row: %d\n", (i+1), sumRow);
    }
    
    //Calculates sum of each column of given matrix
    for(int i = 0; i < cols; i++){
        sumCol = 0;
        for(int j = 0; j < rows; j++){
          sumCol = sumCol + a[j][i];
        }
        printf("Sum of %d column: %d\n", (i+1), sumCol);
    }
        
    return 0;
}

输出

Sum of 1 row: 6
Sum of 2 row: 15
Sum of 3 row: 24
Sum of 1 column: 12
Sum of 2 column: 15
Sum of 3 column: 18

JAVA

public class SumofRowColumn
{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int rows, cols, sumRow, sumCol;
        
        //Initialize matrix a
        int a[][] = {   
                        {1, 2, 3},
                        {4, 5, 6},
                        {7, 8, 9}
                    };
          
          //Calculates number of rows and columns present in given matrix
          rows = a.length;
        cols = a[0].length;
        
        //Calculates sum of each row of given matrix
        for(int i = 0; i < rows; i++){
            sumRow = 0;
            for(int j = 0; j < cols; j++){
              sumRow = sumRow + a[i][j];
            }
            System.out.println("Sum of " + (i+1) +" row: " + sumRow);
        }
        
        //Calculates sum of each column of given matrix
        for(int i = 0; i < cols; i++){
            sumCol = 0;
            for(int j = 0; j < rows; j++){
              sumCol = sumCol + a[j][i];
            }
            System.out.println("Sum of " + (i+1) +" column: " + sumCol);
        }
    }
}

输出

Sum of 1 row: 6
Sum of 2 row: 15
Sum of 3 row: 24
Sum of 1 column: 12
Sum of 2 column: 15
Sum of 3 column: 18

C#

using System;
                    
public class SumofRowColumn
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        int rows, cols, sumRow, sumCol;
        
        //Initialize matrix a
        int[,] a = {   
                        {1, 2, 3},
                        {4, 5, 6},
                        {7, 8, 9}
                   };
          
          //Calculates number of rows and columns present in given matrix
          rows = a.GetLength(0);
        cols = a.GetLength(1);
        
        //Calculates sum of each row of given matrix
        for(int i = 0; i < rows; i++){
            sumRow = 0;
            for(int j = 0; j < cols; j++){
              sumRow = sumRow + a[i,j];
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Sum of " + (i+1) +" row: " + sumRow);
        }
        
        //Calculates sum of each column of given matrix
        for(int i = 0; i < cols; i++){
            sumCol = 0;
            for(int j = 0; j < rows; j++){
              sumCol = sumCol + a[j,i];
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Sum of " + (i+1) +" column: " + sumCol);
        }
    }
}

输出

Sum of 1 row: 6
Sum of 2 row: 15
Sum of 3 row: 24
Sum of 1 column: 12
Sum of 2 column: 15
Sum of 3 column: 18

PHP

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<?php
//Initialize matrix a
$a = array(   
             array(1, 2, 3),
             array(4, 5, 6),
             array(7, 8, 9)
           );
 
//Calculates number of rows and columns present in given matrix
$rows = count($a);
$cols = count($a[0]);
 
//Calculates sum of each row of given matrix
for($i = 0; $i < $rows; $i++){
    $sumRow = 0;
    for($j = 0; $j < $cols; $j++){
      $sumRow = $sumRow + $a[$i][$j];
    }
    print("Sum of " . ($i+1) ." row: " . $sumRow);
    print("<br>");
}
 
//Calculates sum of each column of given matrix
for($i = 0; $i < $cols; $i++){
    $sumCol = 0;
    for($j = 0; $j < $rows; $j++){
      $sumCol = $sumCol + $a[$j][$i];
    }
    print("Sum of " . ($i+1) . " column: " . $sumCol);
    print("<br>");
}
?>
</body>
</html>

输出

Sum of 1 row: 6
Sum of 2 row: 15
Sum of 3 row: 24
Sum of 1 column: 12
Sum of 2 column: 15
Sum of 3 column: 18

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计算矩阵每行每列之和的程序

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计算矩阵每行每列之和的程序

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