C 语言计算器程序

2025年3月17日 | 阅读 8 分钟

在本主题中，我们将讨论如何在 C 语言中编写计算器程序。计算器是一种小型电子设备，用于执行各种算术运算，例如加法、减法、乘法、除法、百分比等。它使我们的计算更轻松、更快速。它是一种便携式设备，可以在任何地方用于执行简单的数学运算。在某些情况下，我们需要使用科学或复杂的计算器来解决复杂的计算，例如三角函数、指数运算符、度、弧度、对数函数、双曲线函数等。让我们讨论在 C 语言中创建计算器程序的各种方法。

计算器程序的算法

步骤 1： 声明局部变量 n1、n2、res、opt。例如，其中 n1 和 n2 接收两个数值，res 将存储结果，opt 变量定义运算符符号。

步骤 2： 打印选择（加法、减法、乘法、除法等）。

步骤 3： 输入选择

步骤 4： 接收两个数字 n1 和 n2

步骤 5： switch case 跳转到用户选择的运算符

步骤 6： 将结果存储到 res 变量中。

步骤 7： 显示操作结果

步骤 8： 退出程序。

在 C 语言中创建计算器程序的不同方法

以下是在 C 语言中编写计算器程序的不同方法。

使用 switch 语句的 C 语言计算器程序
使用 if else if 语句的 C 语言计算器程序
使用 do-while 循环和 switch 语句的 C 语言计算器程序
使用函数和 switch 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

示例 1：使用 switch 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

让我们编写一个使用 switch 语句创建计算器程序的程序

program.c

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
	// declare local variables
	char opt;
	int n1, n2; 
	float res;
	printf (" Choose an operator(+, -, *, /) to perform the operation in C Calculator \n ");
	scanf ("%c", &opt); // take an operator
	if (opt == '/' )
	{
		printf (" You have selected: Division");
	}
	else if (opt == '*')
	{
		printf (" You have selected: Multiplication");
	 }
	 
	else if (opt == '-')
	{
		printf (" You have selected: Subtraction");
	 }
	 	else if (opt == '+')
	{
		printf (" You have selected: Addition");
	 }   
	printf (" \n Enter the first number: ");
	scanf(" %d", &n1); // take fist number
	printf (" Enter the second number: ");
	scanf (" %d", &n2); // take second number
	
	switch(opt)
	{
		case '+':
			res = n1 + n2; // add two numbers
			printf (" Addition of %d and %d is: %.2f", n1, n2, res);
			break;
		
		case '-':
			res = n1 - n2; // subtract two numbers
			printf (" Subtraction of %d and %d is: %.2f", n1, n2, res);
			break;
			
		case '*':
			res = n1 * n2; // multiply two numbers
			printf (" Multiplication of %d and %d is: %.2f", n1, n2, res);
			break;			
		
		case '/':
			if (n2 == 0)   // if n2 == 0, take another number
			{
				printf (" \n Divisor cannot be zero. Please enter another value ");
				scanf ("%d", &n2);		
				}
			res = n1 / n2; // divide two numbers
			printf (" Division of %d and %d is: %.2f", n1, n2, res);
			break;
		default:  /* use default to print default message if any condition is not satisfied */
			printf (" Something is wrong!! Please check the options ");				
	}
	return 0;
}

输出

示例 2：使用 if else if 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

让我们考虑一个使用 if else if 语句在 C 语言中编写简单计算器程序的示例。

program2.c

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
	// declare local variables
	char opt;
	int n1, n2; 
	float res;
	printf (" Select an operator (+, -, *, /) to perform an operation in C calculator \n ");
	scanf ("%c", &opt); // take an operator
	printf (" Enter the first number: ");
	scanf(" %d", &n1); // take fist number
	printf (" Enter the second number: ");
	scanf (" %d", &n2); // take second number
	
	if (opt == '+')
	{
		res = n1 + n2; // add two numbers
		printf (" Addition of %d and %d is: %f", n1, n2, res);
	}
	
	else if (opt == '-')
	{
		res = n1 - n2; // subtract two numbers
		printf (" Subtraction of %d and %d is: %f", n1, n2, res);
	}
	
	else if (opt == '*')
	{
		res = n1 * n2; // multiply two numbers
		printf (" Multiplication of %d and %d is: %f", n1, n2, res);
	}
	
	else if (opt == '/')
	{
		if (n2 == 0)   // if n2 == 0, take another number
		{
			printf (" \n Divisor cannot be zero. Please enter another value ");
			scanf ("%d", &n2);		
		}
		res = n1 / n2; // divide two numbers
		printf (" Division of %d and %d is: %.2f", n1, n2, res);
	}
	else
	{
		printf(" \n You have entered wrong inputs ");
	}
	return 0;
}

输出

示例 3：使用 do while 循环和 switch 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

让我们在 C 语言中使用 do while 循环和 switch case 语句创建一个计算器程序

program3.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
	// declaration of local variable op;
	int op, n1, n2;
	float res;
	char ch;
	do
	{
		// displays the multiple operations of the C Calculator
		printf (" Select an operation to perform the calculation in C Calculator: ");
		printf (" \n 1 Addition  \t \t 2 Subtraction \n 3 Multiplication \t 4 Division \n 5 Square \t \t 6 Square Root \n 7 Exit \n \n Please, Make a choice ");	
		
		scanf ("%d", &op); // accepts a numeric input to choose the operation
	
	
	// use switch statement to call an operation
	switch (op)
	{
		case 1:
			// Add two numbers
			printf (" You chose: Addition");
			printf ("\n Enter First Number: ");
			scanf (" %d", &n1);
			printf (" Enter Second Number: ");
			scanf (" %d", &n2);
			res = n1 + n2; // Add two numbers
			printf (" Addition of two numbers is: %.2f", res);
			break; // break the function
			
		case 2:
			// Subtract two numbers
			printf (" You chose: Subtraction");
			printf ("\n Enter First Number: ");
			scanf (" %d", &n1);
			printf (" Enter Second Number: ");
			scanf (" %d", &n2);
			res = n1 - n2; // subtract two numbers
			printf (" Subtraction of two numbers is: %.2f", res);
			break; // break the function
			
		case 3:
			// Multiplication of the numbers
			printf (" You chose: Multiplication");
			printf ("\n Enter First Number: ");
			scanf (" %d", &n1);
			printf (" Enter Second Number: ");
			scanf (" %d", &n2);
			res = n1 * n2; // multiply two numbers
			printf (" Multiplication of two numbers is: %.2f", res);
			break; // break the function
			
		case 4:
			// Division of the numbers
			printf (" You chose: Division");
			printf ("\n Enter First Number: ");
			scanf (" %d", &n1);
			printf (" Enter Second Number: ");
			scanf (" %d", &n2);
			if (n2 == 0)
				{
					printf (" \n Divisor cannot be zero. Please enter another value ");
					scanf ("%d", &n2);		
				}
			res = n1 / n2; // divide two numbers
			printf (" Division of two numbers is: %.2f", res);
			break; // break the function
			
		case 5:
			// getting square of a number
			printf (" You chose: Square");
			printf ("\n Enter First Number: ");
			scanf (" %d", &n1);

			res = n1 * n1; // get square of a number
			printf (" Square of %d number is: %.2f", n1, res);
			break; // break the function
			
		case 6:
			// getting the square root of the number
			printf (" You chose: Square Root");
			printf ("\n Enter First Number: ");
			scanf (" %d", &n1);
			
			res = sqrt(n1); // use sqrt() function to find the Square Root 
			printf (" Square Root of %d numbers is: %.2f", n1, res);
			break; // break the function
			
		case 7:
			printf (" You chose: Exit");
			exit(0); 
			break; // break the function
			
		default:
			printf(" Something is wrong!! ");
			break; 						
	}
	printf (" \n \n ********************************************** \n ");
	} while (op != 7);

	return 0;      
}

输出

示例 4：使用函数和 switch 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

让我们在 C 语言中使用函数和 switch case 语句创建一个计算器程序

program4.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
	
// function declarations 
int addition();
int subtract();
int multiply();
int divide();
int sq();
int sqrt1();
void exit();

int main()
{
	// declaration a local variable op;
	int op;
	do
	{
		// displays the multiple operations of the C Calculator
		printf (" Select an operation to perform the calculation in C Calculator: ");
		printf (" \n 1 Addition  \t \t 2 Subtraction \n 3 Multiplication \t 4 Division \n 5 Square \t \t 6 Square Root \n 7 Exit \n \n Please, Make a choice ");	
		
		scanf ("%d", &op); // accepts a numeric input to choose the operation
	
	
	// use switch statement to call an operation
	switch (op)
	{
		case 1:
			addition(); /* It call the addition() function  to add the given numbers */
			break; // break the function
			
		case 2:
			subtract(); /* It call the subtract() function  to subtract the given numbers */
			break; // break the function
			
		case 3:
			multiply(); /* It call the multiply() function  to multiply the given numbers */
			break; // break the function
			
		case 4:
			divide(); // It call the divide() function  to divide the given numbers
			break; // break the function
			
		case 5:
			sq(); // It call the sq() function  to get the square of given numbers
			break; // break the function
			
		case 6:
			sqrt1(); /* It call the sqrt1() function  to get the square root of given numbers */
			break; // break the function
			
		case 7:
			exit(0); // It call the exit() function  to exit from the program
			break; // break the function
			
		default:
			printf(" Something is wrong!! ");
			break; 						
	}
	printf (" \n \n ********************************************** \n ");
	} while (op != 7);
	

	return 0;      
}



// function definition
int addition()
{
	int i, sum = 0, num, f_num; // declare a local variable	
	printf (" How many numbers you want to add: ");
	scanf ("%d", &num);
	printf (" Enter the numbers: \n ");
	for (i = 1; i <= num; i++)
	{
		scanf(" %d", &f_num);
		sum = sum + f_num;
	}
	printf (" Total Sum of the numbers = %d", sum);
	return 0;
}

// use subtract() function to subtract two numbers
int subtract()
{
	int n1, n2, res;
	printf (" The first number is: ");
	scanf ("  %d", &n1);
	printf (" The second number is: ");
	scanf ("  %d", &n2);
	res = n1 - n2;	
	printf (" The subtraction of %d - %d is: %d", n1, n2, res);
}

// use multiply() function to multiply two numbers
int multiply()
{
	int n1, n2, res;
	printf (" The first number is: ");
	scanf ("  %d", &n1);
	printf (" The second number is: ");
	scanf ("  %d", &n2);
	res = n1 * n2;	
	printf (" The multiply of %d * %d is: %d", n1, n2, res);
}

// use divide() function to divide two numbers
int divide()
{
	int n1, n2, res;
	printf (" The first number is: ");
	scanf ("  %d", &n1);
	printf (" The second number is: ");
	scanf ("  %d", &n2);
	
	if (n2 == 0)
	{
		printf (" \n Divisor cannot be zero. Please enter another value ");
		scanf ("%d", &n2);		
	}
	res = n1 / n2;	
	printf (" \n The division of %d / %d is: %d", n1, n2, res);
}

// use sq() function to get the square of the given number
int sq()
{
	int n1, res;
	printf (" Enter a number to get the Square: ");
	scanf ("  %d", &n1);
	
	res = n1 * n1;	
	printf (" \n The Square of %d is: %d", n1, res);
}

// use sqrt1() function to get the square root of the given number 
int sqrt1()
{
	float res;
	int n1;
	printf (" Enter a number to get the Square Root: ");
	scanf ("  %d", &n1);

	res = sqrt(n1);	
	printf (" \n The Square Root of %d is: %f", n1, res);
}

输出

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C 语言计算器程序

计算器程序的算法

在 C 语言中创建计算器程序的不同方法

示例 1：使用 switch 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

示例 2：使用 if else if 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

示例 3：使用 do while 循环和 switch 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

示例 4：使用函数和 switch 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

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C 语言计算器程序

计算器程序的算法

在 C 语言中创建计算器程序的不同方法

示例 1：使用 switch 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

示例 2：使用 if else if 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

示例 3：使用 do while 循环和 switch 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

示例 4：使用函数和 switch 语句的 C 语言计算器程序

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