实义动词17 Mar 2025 | 6 分钟阅读 动词分为主要动词和助动词两大类。本文将解释什么是主要动词以及它的含义。通过例句,可以更好地理解主要动词在英语中的用法。 什么是主要动词?主要动词也称为词汇动词或动作动词。它告诉我们一个动作、发生或状态。主要动词构成了句子谓语的主要部分。换句话说,它是一个词,告诉我们关于某人或某事的信息。它告诉我们某人或某事所做的动作,发生在某人或某事身上的事情,某人或某事的状态,以及所有权。  识别主要动词我们可以通过查看个人主要的动作或状态来识别动词中的主要动词。要找到主要动词,你需要先完全理解句子,然后运用这种理解来揭示构成其意义的各个组成部分。 谓语包含主要动词,它表达了陈述的重点的主要活动或状况。主要动词可以独立使用,也可以与提供意义和丰富性的短语一起使用。 如何在句子中使用主要动词?主要动词进一步细分为规则动词和不规则动词。动词的用法取决于主要动词的类型。 当规则动词变位以生成特定时态时,它们遵循相同的规则。而不规则动词则有独特的变位来创建过去式和过去分词形式。 因此,这些动词作为主要动词用于表示各种时态,取决于动词的类型。 为更好地理解,请看以下示例。 - I am a football player. (我是一名足球运动员。)
- She is going food shopping. (她要去买菜。)
- The youngster loved the dessert. (那个年轻人很喜欢甜点。)
- My mother knows how to use the computer. (我妈妈知道如何使用电脑。)
- Cindy asked Sheena to work on the files that were pending. (Cindy 让 Sheena 处理待办的文件。)
主要动词示例为了更清楚地理解,请看下面的例子 i) 一个人、事物或动物所做的就是动作。示例 - Rohan drives the car. (Rohan 开车。)
- He will help the poor with money. (他将用钱帮助穷人。)
- The birds build their nest. (鸟儿筑巢。)
- The clock strikes at 10. (时钟十点敲响。)
- We celebrate our friend's birthday. (我们庆祝朋友的生日。)
ii) 一个人、事物或动物是什么。(存在)示例 - The dog is (狗是)
- Ajay is an intelligent (Ajay 很聪明)
- Students are good at mathematics. (学生们擅长数学。)
- The spider was tiny and black. (蜘蛛又小又黑。)
- The house is very big and beautiful. (这房子很大很漂亮。)
iii) 一个人、事物或动物拥有什么(拥有/所属)示例 - I have a new laptop. (我有一个新笔记本电脑。)
- They have their own house. (他们有自己的房子。)
- That tree is the house of monkeys (那棵树是猴子的家)
- The house has all necessary materials. (这房子有所有必需的材料。)
- The lion has a beautiful mane. (狮子有美丽的鬃毛。)
此外,主要动词又分为 **动作动词** 和 **连接动词** 两个部分。 动作动词: 描述身体和精神动作。它告诉我们一个人、事物或动物做什么(动作)。例如:Eat, drink, jump, think, feel, fall and walk. (吃、喝、跳、思考、感觉、摔倒和走路。) 句子中的动作动词示例- Children play in the garden. (孩子们在花园里玩耍。)
- Anu eats food slowly. (Anu 慢慢地吃饭。)
- Monkey jumps on the tree. (猴子在树上跳。)
- The sun rises in the east and set in the west. (太阳从东方升起,在西方落下。)
- The earth revolves around the sun. (地球围绕太阳旋转。)
- The committee decides how to proceed. (委员会决定如何进行。)
- The team runs during practice. (团队在训练中跑步。)
- The coach agrees that I should practice more. (教练同意我应该多练习。)
- You must finish the work by 4 pm. (你必须在下午 4 点前完成工作。)
- They submit their paper on time. (他们按时提交了论文。)
- The postman delivers letters regularly. (邮递员定期送信。)
- She solves the sum quickly. (她快速地解答了这道题。)
- Sharma teaches us English. (Sharma 教我们英语。)
- I owe him thirty thousand rupees. (我欠他三万卢比。)
- Miska told me an interesting story. (Miska 给我讲了一个有趣的故事。)
连接动词: 它将主语与补语连接起来。连接动词是表示某人或某事的事实,而不是告诉我们这个人或事做了什么。连接动词是“to be', 'to become', 和 'to seem' 的各种形式。还有一些连接动词包括;appear, become, feel, get, go, grow, keep, look, prove, remains, seem, smell, taste, and turn. (出现、成为、感觉、得到、去、成长、保持、看起来、证明、仍然、似乎、闻起来、尝起来、变成。) 示例 - Sky is blue. (天空是蓝色的。这里,“is”是连接主语“sky”和补语“blue”的连接动词。)
- It seems absurd. (这似乎很荒谬。这里“seems”是连接主语“it”和补语“absurd”的连接动词。)
- He became a famous doctor. (他成了一名著名的医生。(这里 'became' 是连接动词))
不及物动词和及物动词主要动词主要动词可以是及物动词或不及物动词。 不及物动词没有直接宾语,而及物动词有。及物动词需要直接宾语来接收其动作。而不及物动词则可以在没有直接宾语的情况下表示动作,使句子完整。请看以下例子。 及物动词- She attended the celebration. (她参加了庆祝活动。)
- Jenna fed the kitty. (Jenna 喂了小猫。)
- Freda loves chocolate. (Freda 喜欢巧克力。)
不及物动词- The turbine blew. (涡轮机吹动了。)
- Johnny laughed. (Johnny 笑了。)
- The rings disappeared. (戒指消失了。)
主要动词和助动词的区别是什么?主要动词和助动词的基本区别在于,主要动词在句子中作为主要动词,并代表主语在句子中执行的主要动作,而助动词与主要动词一起使用以表示动词的时态。为了更好地理解,请看以下示例。 - Arun is a retailer. (在这个例子中,“is”作为主要动词,表示 Arun 作为销售员的身份。)
- The feathered bird flew from one branch to another. (在这个例子中,“flew”作为主要动词,表示鸟儿过去从一根树枝飞到另一根树枝的动作。)
- David will be waiting for us at the gate. (“Will be”是助动词,“waiting”是主要动词,表示 David 未来将在门口等我们的进行中的动作。)
- He has come all the way from Illinois to express his love for her. (“Has”是助动词,“come”是主要动词,表示她最近从 Illinois 来表达对她的爱。)
- He loves sandwiches and patties over everything else. (“Loves”是句子中的主要动词,表示他对三明治和肉饼的偏爱超过其他一切。)
使用主要动词时的常见错误主要动词时态使用上的差异会影响上下文和理解。错误可能是时态表示不当、未来时态形式的错误改编,或者词组中时态的错误转移。主要动词时态也可能在一个段落中有所变化。一个常见的语言错误是当一篇文章以现在时开始,然后无缘无故地转为过去时。 - 错误 - That novel is belonging to me. (那本小说属于我。)
- 正确 - the novel belongs to me. (那本小说属于我。)
- 错误 - Everybody are hardworking. (每个人都很努力。)
- 正确 - Everybody works hard. (每个人都很努力。)
- 错误 - Richard looks sadly. (Richard 看起来很悲伤。)
- 正确 - Richard looks sad. (Richard 看起来很悲伤。)
- 错误 - They have constructed the home since August last. (他们自去年八月以来就建造了这座房子。)
- 正确 - They have been constructing the home since August last. (他们自去年八月以来一直在建造这座房子。)
- 错误 - The oranges are tasted sweet. (橙子尝起来很甜。)
- 正确 - The orange taste sweet. (橙子尝起来很甜。)
更多示例如下- All the children seem satisfied with the bouncy castle. (所有的孩子似乎都对弹力城堡很满意。)
- George felt sleepy after eating the whole pizza. (George 吃完整个披萨后感到困倦。)
- The cinnamon rolls taste sweet. (肉桂卷尝起来很甜。)
- Anthony had a dream. (Anthony 做了一个梦。)
- The spectator remained silent after the injury on the field. (受伤后,观众席上的观众保持沉默。)
- He became suspicious when he saw the safe was open. (当他看到保险箱是打开的时候,他变得可疑起来。)
- Rohan and his friend were happy. (Rohan 和他的朋友都很高兴。)
- The food smelled delicious. (食物闻起来很美味。)
- She looks very pretty. (她看起来很漂亮。)
- He gets angry with his sister. (他对他妹妹很生气。)
- His plan sounds good. (他的计划听起来不错。)
- Verma has a new car. (Verma 有一辆新车。)
更多句子中的主要动词示例- I designed a rainbow in the sky. (designed) (我在天空中设计了一个彩虹。)
- Rohan's brother scattered all his toys. (scattered) (Rohan 的哥哥撒了所有他的玩具。)
- The committee works hard to improve the schools. (works) (委员会努力改善学校。)
- Here, into the main ring of the circus, comes the trained elephant. (comes) (训练有素的大象来到马戏团的主场地。)
- Either the worker or the boss delivers the items. (delivers) (工人或老板负责交付物品。)
- Virat Kohli scored a double century in the last match against Sri Lanka. (scored) (Virat Kohli 在对阵斯里兰卡的上一场比赛中打出了双百。)
- The tiger was chasing a wild buffalo. (chasing) (老虎在追逐一头野牛。)
- People have been standing in the queue since morning. (standing) (人们自早晨以来就一直在排队。)
- Rani and Sita cook delicious food. (cook) (Rani 和 Sita 烹饪美味的食物。)
- Rohan visited his grandfather in the village. (visited) (Rohan 去村里拜访了他的祖父。)
- Dogs are man's best friends. (are) (狗是人类最好的朋友。)
- The library is next to the principal's office. (is) (图书馆在校长办公室旁边。)
- I am your leader. (am) (我是你的领导。)
- The cake looks so delicious. (look) (蛋糕看起来很美味。)
- The weather was quite clear yesterday. (was) (昨天天气晴朗。)
- Good bookstalls are near the city. (are) (城市附近有好书摊。)
- Ajay is a very good student. (is) (Ajay 是一个非常优秀的学生。)
- The crops grow in the field. (grow) (庄稼在田里生长。)
- I feel very hungry at lunchtime. (feel) (午餐时间我感觉很饿。)
- I want to become a responsible citizen and a social worker. ( become, and) (我想成为一名负责任的公民和社会工作者。)
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