Python 中的继承类型

17 Mar 2025 | 4 分钟阅读

继承是类的特定能力，它能够获取或继承另一个类的属性，然后在需要时使用它们。继承具有以下特征：

它是对现实世界中关系的极佳体现。
它允许代码重用。它不需要我们一遍又一遍地重复创建相同的代码。它还允许我们在不修改现有代码的情况下向现有类添加选项。
它具有传递性，这意味着如果 B 类继承自另一个类 A，那么 B 类所属的所有子类都将直接继承自类 A。

示例

# Python program for demonstrating inheritance
# Here, we will create the base class or the Parent class
class Child1:

	# here, we are apply the Constructor
	def __init__(self, name):
		self.name = name

	# now, we will creat a class To get name
	def getName1(self):
		return self.name

	# Now, we will create a class for checking 
    #if this person is student or not
	def isStudent1(self):
		return False

# here, we will create the derived class or the child class
class Student1(Child1):

	# if the child is student, it will return true
	def isStudent1(self):
		return True


# Driver code
# An Object of Child
std = Child1("Jackie")
print(std.getName1(), std.isStudent1())

# An Object of Student
std = Student1("johnny")
print(std.getName1(), std.isStudent1())

输出

Jackie False
johnny True

Python 中的继承类型

继承的类型取决于涉及的子类和父类的数量。Python 中有四种继承方式：

单继承 单继承允许派生类继承一个父类的属性，这使得代码重用和在现有代码中引入额外功能成为可能。

示例

# Python program for demonstrating single inheritance

# Here, we will create the base class or the Parent class
class Parent1:
	def func_1(self):
		print ("This function is defined inside the parent class.")

# now, we will create the Derived class
class Child1(Parent1):
	def func_2(self):
		print ("This function is defined inside the child class.")

# Driver's code
object = Child1()
object.func_1()
object.func_2()

输出

This function is defined inside the parent class.
This function is defined inside the child class.

多重继承 如果一个类能够由多个基类创建，则这种继承称为多重继承。在多重继承中，基类中的所有属性都会被传递给从它派生的类。

示例

# Python program for demonstrating multiple inheritance


# Here, we will create the Base class 1
class Mother1:
	mothername1 = ""
	def mother1(self):
		print(self.mothername1)

# Here, we will create the Base class 2
class Father1:
	fathername1 = ""
	def father1(self):
		print(self.fathername1)

# now, we will create the Derived class
class Son1(Mother1, Father1):
	def parents1(self):
		print ("Father name is :", self.fathername1)
		print ("Mother name is :", self.mothername1)

# Driver's code
s1 = Son1()
s1.fathername1 = "Rajesh"
s1.mothername1 = "Shreya"
s1.parents1()

输出

Father name is : Rajesh
Mother name is : Shreya

多层继承，原始类以及从它派生的类的功能都会被传递给新类。它类似于祖父母和子女之间的关系。

示例

# Python program for demonstrating multilevel inheritance

# Here, we will create the Base class 
class Grandfather1:

	def __init__(self, grandfathername1):
		self.grandfathername1 = grandfathername1

# here, we will create the Intermediate class
class Father1(Grandfather1):
	def __init__(self, fathername1, grandfathername1):
		self.fathername1 = fathername1

		# here, we will invoke the constructor of Grandfather class
		Grandfather1.__init__(self, grandfathername1)

# here, we will create the Derived class
class Son1(Father1):
	def __init__(self,sonname1, fathername1, grandfathername1):
		self.sonname1 = sonname1

		# here, we will invoke the constructor of Father class
		Father1.__init__(self, fathername1, grandfathername1)

	def print_name(self):
		print('Grandfather name is :', self.grandfathername1)
		print("Father name is :", self.fathername1)
		print("Son name is :", self.sonname1)

# Driver code
s1 = Son1('John', 'John Jr', 'John Jr Jr')
print (s1.grandfathername1)
s1.print_name()

输出

John Jr Jr
Grandfather name is : John Jr Jr
Father name is : John Jr
Son name is : John

层次继承 如果从同一个基类创建了多个派生类，则这种继承称为层次继承。在这种情况下，我们有两个作为父（基）类的基类以及两个作为子（派生）类的派生类。

示例

# Python program for demonstrating Hierarchical inheritance

# Here, we will create the Base class 
class Parent1:
	def func_1(self):
		print ("This function is defined inside the parent class.")

# Derived class1
class Child_1(Parent1):
	def func_2(self):
		print ("This function is defined inside the child 1.")

# Derivied class2
class Child_2(Parent1):
	def func_3(self):
		print ("This function is defined inside the child 2.")

# Driver's code
object1 = Child_1()
object2 = Child_2()
object1.func_1()
object1.func_2()
object2.func_1()
object2.func_3()

输出

This function is defined inside the parent class.
This function is defined inside the child 1.
This function is defined inside the parent class.
This function is defined inside the child 2.

下一主题面向机械工程师的 Python

Python 中的继承类型

示例

Python 中的继承类型

联系信息

关注我们

教程

面试题

在线编译器

Python

Java

.Net Framework

AI, ML and Data Science

Cloud Technology

B.Tech and MCA

Web Technology

PHP

Software Testing

Technical Interview

Java Interview

Python

Web Interview

Database Interview

B.Tech / MCA

Important Interview

Software Testing Interview

Company Interviews

Online Compilers

Multiple Choice Questions

Python 问题

Python 中的继承类型

示例

Python 中的继承类型

相关帖子

如何使用 Python 将 MultiDict 转换为嵌套字典

Python 中的关系运算符

如何安装 Python Spyder IDE 和运行脚本

Python 中的运算符重载是什么

Python 中的反射

Python 中的 Q-Learning

使用 PyQt5 在 Python 中制作简单的注册表单

Python 连接列表

如何在 Python 中生成 UUID

Python 中打印金字塔技术的程序

订阅 Tpoint Tech

联系信息

关注我们

教程

面试题

在线编译器