C++ 中的名称修饰和 Extern "C"

2024年8月28日 | 阅读 4 分钟

Java 和 C++ 编程语言都分别支持方法重载和函数重载。函数重载简单来说就是拥有多个同名函数，这些函数通过参数数量或参数数据类型的不同来区分。真正的问题是，Java 和 C++ 编程语言的编译器如何区分这些不同的函数。

对于这个复杂问题，一个简单的答案是，编译器会自行添加更多信息。在执行期间，它会将方法或参数保存到其栈内存中。C++ 编译器并没有什么与其他编译器不同的特定技术，它使用相同的名称修饰（name-mangling）概念来解决函数重载的问题。

C++ 中的函数重载 -1

// Here we are writing down the C++ programming language code to 
// demonstrate the concept of function overloading with its relevant code 
// and output supported by valid syntax wherever necessary
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// function add in its avatar of adding two variables here of integer data
void add(int a, int b)
{
cout << "sum of two integer variables is= " << (a + b);
}
// function add in its avatar of adding two variables here of double data
void add(double a, double b)
{
	cout << endl << "sum of two double variables is= " << (a + b);
}

// the main driver code functionality starts from here
int main()
{
	add(130, 92);
	add(85.3, 36.2);

	return 0;
// the main driver code functionality ends from here
}

输出

The sum of two integer variables is= 222
The sum of the two double variables is= 121.5

C++ 中的函数重载 -2

// Here we are writing down the C++ programming language code to 
// demonstrate the concept of function overloading with its relevant code 
// and output supported by valid syntax wherever necessary
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// function add in its avatar of adding two variables here of integer data
void add(int a, int b)
{
cout << "sum of two integer variables is= " << (a + b);
}
// function add in its avatar of adding three variables here of integer data
void add(int a, int b, int c)
{
	cout << endl << "sum of three integer variables is= " << (a + b + c);
}

// the main driver code functionality starts from here
int main()
{
	add(410, 20);
	add(55, 66, 44);

	return 0;
// the main driver code functionality ends from here
}

输出

The sum of two integer variables is= 430
The sum of three integer variables is= 165

C++ 中的函数重载 -3

// Here we are writing down the C++ programming language code to 
// demonstrate the concept of function overloading with its relevant code 
// and output supported by valid syntax wherever necessary
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void print(int i) {
cout << " Here we have the integer  " << i << endl;
}
void print(double f) {
cout << " Here we have the float " << f << endl;
}
void print(char const *c) {
cout << " Here we have the character " << c << endl;
}
// the main driver code functionality starts from here
int main() {
print(100);
print(100.100);
print("hundred");
return 0;
// the main driver code functionality ends from here
}

输出

 Here we have the integer  100
 Here we have the float 100.1
 Here we have the character hundred

C++ 中的名称修饰和 Extern 'C'

演示代码

// Here we are writing down the C++ programming language code to 
// demonstrate the concept of name mangling with its relevant code 
int __f_v(void) { return 1; }

int __f_i(int) { return 0; }

void __g_v(void) { int i = __f_v(), j = __f_i(0); }

输出

/usr/bin/ld: cannot open output file a.out: Permission denied
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

C++ 代码

// Here we are writing down the C++ programming language code to 
// demonstrate the concept of name mangling with its relevant code 
// showing C code doesn't support name mangling
int printf(const char* format,...);
 
// The main driver code functionality starts from here
int main()
{
    printf("javaTpoint");
    return 0;
// The main driver code functionality ends from here
}

输出

/usr/bin/ld: cannot open output file a.out: Permission denied
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

Extern C

// Here we are writing down the C++ programming language code to 
// demonstrate the concept of name mangling with its relevant code 
// C++ code to demonstrate Extern "C"

extern "C" {
int printf(const char* format,...);
}

// The main driver code functionality starts from here
int main()
{
	printf("javaTpoint");
	return 0;

// The main driver code functionality ends from here
    
}

输出

javaTpoint

下一主题不同的 C++ 编译器

C++ 中的名称修饰和 Extern "C"

C++ 中的函数重载 -1

C++ 中的函数重载 -2

C++ 中的函数重载 -3

C++ 中的名称修饰和 Extern 'C'

C++ 代码

Extern C

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C++ 中的名称修饰和 Extern "C"

C++ 中的函数重载 -1

C++ 中的函数重载 -2

C++ 中的函数重载 -3

C++ 中的名称修饰和 Extern 'C'

C++ 代码

Extern C

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