使用 Tuple 和 Pair 在 C++ 中从函数返回多个值

2024年8月28日 | 阅读 4 分钟

我们可能遇到过这样的场景：在处理函数时，其返回类型只能是单一数据类型，但我们却需要返回多种数据类型。为了解决这个问题，我们将学习在 C++ 中使用 Tuple 和 Pair 从函数返回多个值的概念。

C++ 中的 Tuple 和 Pair

它是一个持有任何数据类型的单元或元素的对象。在 C++ 编程语言中，Tuple 数据类型类 std::tuple 的大小是固定的。C++ 中的 Pair 是

用于演示 Tuple 的 C++ 代码

// Here, we are writing down the C++ programming language code to 
// demonstrate the concept of std::tuple, std::pair 

#include<iostream>
#include<tuple> 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	// this below code snippet helps us with declaring the Tuple names jtp
	tuple <char, int, float> jtp;


// the C++ built-in function make tiple helps us with assigning the values
// to the Tuple jtp, which we have just made
	jtp = make_tuple('z', 20, 85.5);

// the below code snippets help us with printing the values of the tuple
// at the initial stage using the get() built-in function
	cout << "values of the Tuple during the initial stage are as follows: ";
	cout << get<0>(jtp) << " " << get<1>(jtp);
	cout << " " << get<2>(jtp) << endl;

// the below code snippets help us with changing the values of the tuple
// at the initial stage using the get() built-in function
	get<0>(jtp) = 'b';
	get<2>(jtp) = 20.5;

// The below code snippet helps us with printing down modified tuple values
// values of the Tuple after the modification stage are as follows: 
cout << "values of the Tuple after the modification stage are as follows: ";
	cout << get<0>(jtp) << " " << get<1>(jtp);
	cout << " " << get<2>(jtp) << endl;

	return 0;
}

输出

values of the Tuple during the initial stage are as follows: z 20 85.5
values of the Tuple after the modification stage are as follows: b 20 20.5

用于演示 Pair 的 C++ 代码

// Here, we are writing down the C++ programming language code to 
// demonstrate the concept of std::pair , tie() in Pair 
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// the below code snippet implements the driver Code functionality for a tie()
int main()
{
// the below code snippet helps us with declaring the pair 
	pair<int, int> pair_1 = { 41, 62 };
	int a, b;
	tie(a, b) = pair_1;
	cout << a << " " << b << "\n";

	pair<int, int> pair_2 = { 63, 84 };
	tie(a, ignore) = pair_2;

// the below code snippet helps us with printing the previous value of b
	cout << a << " " << b << "\n";

	
// the below code snippet helps us illustrate the pair of multiple pair
	pair<int, pair<int, char> > pair_3 = { 103, { 44, 'n' } };
	int x, y;
	char z;

	

//if we write code as tie(x,y,z) = pair3, we can expect an compilation error
//if we write code as tie(x, tie(y,z)) = pair3, we can expect an compilation
//error, and we need to note the point that all the unique pairs have to be 
// handled with care and explicitly as well.

	x = pair_3.first;
	tie(y, z) = pair_3.second;
	cout << x << " " << y << " " << z << "\n";
}

输出

41 62
63 62
103 44 n

使用 Tuple 和 Pair 从函数返回多个值的 C++ 代码。

// Here, we are writing down the C++ programming language code to demonstrate
// the concept of std::tuple, std::pair 
//Returning multiple values from a function using Tuple and Pair in C++
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// A Method that returns multiple values using
// tuple in C++.
// Below, we are writing down the code snippet which returns multiple values
// a method using the  concept of Tuples in C++
tuple<int, int, char> foo_boo(int n1, int n2)
{
	//This code snippet below returns the tuples after packing them up!
	return make_tuple(n2, n1, 'a');			
}

// // this below code snippet returns us a pair of values with the help of 
// a pair in general.
std::pair<int, int> foo1(int num1, int num2)
{
	// Packing two values to return a pair
	//the below code snippet returns us the two values after packing them 
	return std::make_pair(num2, num1);			
}

int main()
{
	int a,b;
	char cc;
	
	// unpacking the values by foo_boo after returning
	tie(a, b, cc) = foo_boo(15, 110);	
	
	// the below code snippet returns us the values in the pair
	pair<int, int> p = foo1(25,32);
	
	cout << "The values returned by the Tuple are as follows: ";
	cout << a << " " << b << " " << cc << endl;
	
	cout << "The values returned by the Pair are as follows: ";
	cout << p.first << " " << p.second;
	return 0;
}

输出

The values returned by the Tuple are as follows: 110 15 a
The values returned by the Pair are as follows: 32 25

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使用 Tuple 和 Pair 从函数返回多个值的 C++ 代码。

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使用 Tuple 和 Pair 在 C++ 中从函数返回多个值

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