Java 中的简写运算符

17 Mar 2025 | 阅读 2 分钟

Java 提供了一些独特的复合赋值运算符，通常称为复合赋值运算符。因为它提供了一种快速将表达式赋值给变量的方法，所以它被称为复合赋值。

上述运算符可用于连接赋值运算符和代数运算符。

例如，您可以这样写：

a = a-7;

上述语句在 Java 中也可以表示为：

a -= 7;

Java 使用多种复合赋值运算符，包括：

运算符	描述
+=	先执行加法，然后赋值
-=	先执行减法，然后赋值
*=	先执行乘法，然后赋值
%=	先执行取模，然后赋值
/=	先执行除法，然后赋值
<<=	二进制左移并赋值
>>=	二进制右移并赋值
>>>=	右移并用零赋值
&=	二进制 AND 并赋值
^=	二进制异或并赋值
\|=	二进制或并赋值

示例

ShorthandoperatorExpl.java

public class ShorthandoperatorExpl {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
// Simple assigning to a variable
  byte by = 34;
  System.out.println(" by: " + by);
  
  // Incrementation is done first and then assigns
  by += 1;
  System.out.println(" by: " + by);
  
  // Decremention is done first and  then assigns
  by -= 3;
  System.out.println(" by: " + by);
  
  // Multiplies first and then assigned
  by *= 1;
  System.out.println(" by: " + by);
  
  // Division is done first and then assigned
  by /= 3;
  System.out.println(" by: " + by);
  
  // Modulus is performed first then assigned
  by %= 4;
  System.out.println(" by: " + by);
  
  // Binary Left Shift first and then assigns
  by <<= 2;
  System.out.println(" by: " + by);

  // Binary Right Shift first and then assigns
  by >>= 3;
  System.out.println(" by: " + by);
  
  // Shift right zero fill first and then assigns
  by >>>= 1;
  System.out.println(" by: " + by);
  
  // Binary AND is performed and then assigning
  by &= 6;
  System.out.println(" by: " + by);
  
  //Binary exclusive OR is performed and then assigning
  by ^= 4;
  System.out.println(" by: " + by);
  
// Binary inclusive OR is performed and then assigning
  by |= 7;
  System.out.println(" by: " + by);
 }
}

输出